General Welfare (Part 6) The Anti-Federalist concern, limitless power.

Just as the Federalist Papers were written to encourage the ratification of the Constitution [New York in particular], the Anti-Federalist Papers were written either to oppose ratification, or delay ratification until certain and specific issues were addressed. Unlike the more commonly known Federalist Papers which were written by three individuals (James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay) and to principally the People of New York, the Anti-Federalist were written by a much larger group of individuals, including some who attended the Convention of 1787 but refused to sign the final document [the exact number is unknown due to the number of pseudonyms used] and they were written to the people of numerous states. The Anti-Federalist did not prevent even one State from eventually ratifying the Constitution, even Rhode Island who did not attend the Convention of 1787 ratified the Constitution on May 29, 1790. But the Anti-Federalist were perhaps the strongest force in causing a Bill of Rights to be required in exchange for their ratification, to secure individual and States Rights.

New Downloadable files added

The Following is a list of downloadable documents available on the Links & Downloads page.

Tolerance is accepting people are different than you.

If Tolerance is not the Social-Political “Catch Phrase” of the 21st Century, I do not know what is! Tolerate this, tolerate that, you have to tolerate this thing or situation. What is tolerance? The American Heritage Dictionary (4th Edition) defines tolerance as:

• “The capacity for respecting the beliefs or practices of others”
  
  

The Repeal Amendment

Virginia may be the first of many states to propose an Amendment to the Constitution that empowers the States to repeal any Federal Statute or Law, commonly called "The Repeal Amendment". A rough draft of the possible Amendment reads as follows.

• “Any provision of law or regulation of the United States may be repealed by the several states, and such repeal shall be effective when the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states approve resolutions for this purpose that particularly describe the same provision or provisions of law or regulation to be repealed.”

Simply put, Two-Thirds of the States [Presumably through Legislative Acts] can vote to repeal ANY Federal Law or Regulation. This would be an important step back toward a Federal System, by limiting Federal Power directly through State Actions.

 

General Welfare (Part 5) Final thoughts on the Constitution Convention

I think it is something of note that very little was debated in the Convention on the term General Welfare throughout the entire Convention of 1787 (that was discussed in Part 2, Part 3 and Part 4). This point I believe is amplified when one looks at how much other aspects of power debated feverishly. When one looks at how it may be contended to how much power General Welfare carries to how little debate revolved around it, when related to other comparatively smaller powers dealing with power at the Federal Level this must speak to what the true intention of what it was felt it meant.

But maybe the most telling non-debate of “General Welfare” was the total lack of it in the Slavery issue. As contended by some, general welfare was meant to give the Congress the power to make laws for the overall general welfare of the people or the Union. By using this clause by this meaning, would this not then give the power to Congress to outlaw Slavery or Indentured Service outright for the general welfare of those bound by it? But this possibility was never addressed once in the Convention by the accounts of the notes we have available to us today.